Elephant Hawkmoth Deilephila elpenor

The caterpillar is the real showstopper: when threatened, it rears up and inflates its false eyespots to mimic a small snake, creating a startlingly convincing cobra impression that sends birds retreating. (The trunk-like ability to retract and extend its head segment is where the elephant name comes in.) The adult moth is equally spectacular — vivid olive and rose-pink coloring makes it one of the most beautiful moths in Europe.

This moth can see in color even in near-darkness, an extraordinary ability that guides it to pale flowers at dusk, where it hovers like a tiny hummingbird. If you have honeysuckle or fuchsia in your garden, there's a good chance this spectacular creature is already visiting you.