Polyphemus Moth Antheraea polyphemus

Named after the one-eyed giant of Greek myth, and with good reason — its hindwings each carry a massive, eerily realistic eyespot ringed in blue, yellow, and black that can startle predators into a moment's hesitation. With a wingspan reaching 15 cm (6 inches), it's one of North America's largest moths. Here's the wild part: adult moths have no functional mouth and never eat a single thing. Their entire adult life lasts just a few days — just long enough to find a mate. Males can detect a female's pheromones from over a mile away using their spectacular, feathery antennae.